Pbocess of and apparatus fob pottbino metal



D. J. RYAN AND L. J. FELTES.

PROCESS OF AND APPARATUS FOR POURING METAL.

APPLICATION man AUGv29, 19:7.

1 ,426, 1 1 O, Patented Aug. 15, 192-2 7 SHEETS-SHEET l.

D. J. RYAN AND L. J. FELTES. PROCESS OF AND APPARATUS FOR POURIING METAL. APPLICATION FILED AUG.29, 1917.

'1 ,42 6 1 10, Patented Aug. 15, 1922 7 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

D. 1. RYAN AND L. J. FELTES.

PROCESS OF AND APPARATUS FOR POURING METAL. APPLICATION FILED AUG. 29,19l7.

fezaiita rney D. J. RYAN AND L. J. FELTES.

PROCESS OF AND APPARATUS FOR POURING METAL.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.29, 1917.

1,426,110, -PatentedAug.15,1922l TSHEETS-SHEET 4.

llilllllllllll-llllr D. I, RYAN AND L. J. FELTES.

PROCESS OF AND APPARATUS FOR POURING METAL.

APPLICATION FILED AUG-29, 1917. 1,426,110. PatentedAug.15,1922

ISHEETS-SHEET 5.

l Ii 5 5! II 5 :I

D. J. RYAN AND L. I. FELTES.

PROCESS OF AND APPARATUS FOR POURING METAL.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.29, I917. I I 1,42 6, 1 1 O. Patented Aug. 15, 1922.

TSHEETS-SHEET e.

D. J. RYAN AND L. J. FELTES PROCESS OF AND APPARATUS FOR POURING METAL.

APPLICATION FILED AUG29|19I7.

Patented Aug. 15, 1922.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 7 an 24 25. E4

7w o i 25 f d 244: 24,945 IL r 245/ 6! 7 I 54 t :1 I.

. d d L 7 I a V 22 flgjfi I z T I yaw/ M WW I face of the c name "OFFICE.

I DANIEL J. RYAN Ann LOUIS J. FELTES, or CLEVELAND, onIo.

rnocnss or AND APPARATUS FOR rename METAL.

' To all whom it may concern Be it known that we, DANIE RYAN and LOUIS J. Fr 1 citizens of the lj nited States, residing at Cleveland, inthe county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have in vented certain new and useful Improve "ments in and Relating to l rocesses of and Apparatus for Pouring'Metah' of which the following is a specification.

. This invention relates to process otand apparatus for pouring molten 'metal into 'molds. i p v One obgect of the invention is to provide an improved pouring apparatus adapted to prevent slag and foreign matter ".t'rom eutering the mold cavity.

Another object of the invention is to provide a metalpouring apparatus in which the inetal is'so' controlled during pouring that the slag and foreign matter colle ted and prevented from passing with the molten metal into the mold cavity.

Another object of the ii' vention is to provide improved means for readily and quickly pouring molten metal into a mold cavity in a uniform and steady manner ithout dangerof damaging-the Walls oi the. mold or sprue.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved pouring. apparatus in which one or more molds can be poured in a simple, rapid, and economical manner.

.Another object of the invention is to pro vide improved pouring apparatus adapted todischarge the molten metal into the mold cavity from a point below the upper surharge. of metal which is being poured.

Another object of the invention is to pro-- vide novel means for discharging the molten metal-from the ladle and guiding and controlling the metal to the mold cavity. whereby the pouring operation is Simplified and labor and time saved.

. Another object of the invention is to provide an nnproved pouring apparatus in which the metal holder is mounted on a ca1-- riage that may be readily and quickly moved over the molds with the -metal holder or ladle in position immediately above the pouring basin of the mold.

Another object of the invention is to pro speeifieafion of Lee-seem. Patented Aug. 15, 1922. i Application filed August 29, 1917.": Serial 1%; 188,761.

vi'de an improved pouring apparatus in which the metal holder is 'tiltably mounted upon. a-support with means which automatically lock the metal holder when tilted in the' pouring position.

Amt or object of the invention is to provide means for measuring the metal placed in the metal holder audits discharge there from, either-or both, for pouring.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved process of pouring metal, whereby slag and foreign matter are col lected and themolten metal is guided and controlled while being poured.

-These and other objects of the invention will be obvious to those skilled in the art to which our invention relates, from the following description: i

For the purpose of illustration We have, in the accompanying drawings, shown and herein described one form'ot apparatus embodying our invention.

Fig. l is a side elevation of a pouring apparatus embodying our invention and a mold. the pouring apparatus being in position relative to' the mold for pouring;

Fig. 1 is a fragmentary view illustrating construction embodying a slightly modified form of the invention.

Fig.2 is a top plan View of the pouring ap aaratus. V

Jig. 2 is a perspective view of the metal controlling device.

Fig.3 is an end elevation of tlie'pouring apparatus.

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary sectional view on theiline 4+4; of Fig.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary sectional view on the line ll of F ig. 2. showing the metal holder or ladle tilted into position for pourin iig. 6' is a fragmentary end elevation illustrating details of construction.

Fig '7 is a fragmentary side elevation of the apparatus.

Figs. 8 9 and 1.0 are views corresponding Figs. 13, '14, 15 and 16 are detail sectional views of the construction shown in gigs. 11 and 12, on the line XVI-XVI of Tn the drawings, 1 indicates as an entirety a support or frame preferably comprising a pair of skeleton side membersl, and a pair of cross members 1". The side and cross members 1, 1", are rigidly connected together in any well known manner, as by bolts 1 Each side member 1 depends downwardly and is preferably provided at its lower end with spaced arms, as shown at 1?. The free ends of the. arms 1 are provided with aligned bearings 1 to receive a shaft or shafts on each of which is mounted a wheel 2. The wheels 2 permit the support 1 to be moved from place to place to position the pouring apparatus in co-operative relationship with the pouring basin or basins a of a mold A. For convenience, the support orframe 1 will be hereinafter referred to as acarriage. We preferablyprovidethe carriage at one side with two wheels 2 and at theother side with one wheel2, so that the carriage will readily accommodate itself to uneven surfaces in the floor over which it is to bemoved. The cross members 1 ofthe carriage are'connected tothe side members l at a suitable distance above the floorline to permit the carriageto be rolled over and straddle a mold A, as illustrated in Fig. 1. At their central portions the cross members 1 may be cut out or shaped, as shown at 1, so that they will clear all parts or attachments of the mold A, such as clamps c. As the carriage lis shaped and constructed to be moved over or straddlea mold A, the latter can be arranged side by side in rows and the carriage successively moved to, pouring positions over the molds in each row and thereby facilitate the pouring thereof. If desired, the floor may be providedat' either side of the row of. molds with tracks, as shown at B in Fig. 1; in that event,.the wheels 2 are flanged in any well. known manner to travel on the tracks B. hen so constructed, the carriage 1 may be more readily moved and guided from a position for pouring one mold to a position for pouring the ext mold.

3 indicates a buffer carriedby the inner arms 1 of each upright member 1*. Each buffer 3 preferably comprises a board or plate, the opposite ends of which are beveled (Fig. 2). The buffer 3 may be secured to the adjacent arms 1 in any well lVhen the wheels 2011-.

known manner. gagewith the floor and are not guided, the buffers 8 will keep the carriage 1 fromengaging projecting parts of the mold, such as the projeirting parts ar as it is being moved from one mold to the other.

1 indicates as an entirety a metal holder.

or ladle adapted to receive a charge or charges of molten metal from a suitable source of supply and discharge it in the manner hereinafter described. The holder 4 may be of any desired shape. It is preferably arranged in a horizontal position and rotatably supported at its opposite side or end walls 4 by the side members 1. This construction permits the holder to be elongated in the direction of the axis on which it swings, to hold the desired quantity of metal as well as simultaneously to discharge metal into a plurality of mold basins, without enlargement of the holder vertically. The walls of theladle 4 are preferably lined with fire clay or other suitable material 4, which may be secured to the walls of the ladle through openings 4* formed therein. F or illustrative purposes, we have shown two forms of holders, one form being shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, and the other form being shown in Figs. 8, 9 and 10. In this latter form, the holder is cylindrical in cross section. It is formed with an opening, as shown at 4 to permit filling with molten metal. The opening 1 preferably extends from end to end of the holder. As the wall of the holder is concentric to its axis, it may be readily rotated,

without changing its center of gravity or the center of gravity of the metal contained in the holder, in opposite directions to effect successive pouring operations. The opening f is formed in the upper portion of the holder, but substantially rearward of avertical plane cutting the axis of the holder when the latter is in normal. position. \Vhenv so constructed, the holder may be rotated a quarter turn or more without danger of the metal spilling from the opening l.

At- 5 the holder 1 is formed with an open-- ing through which the molten metal is dis charged when the ladle is tilted into its discharging position (see Fig. 5).

The opening 5 is arranged above the level of the molten metal in the ladle 4, but when the latter is tilted for pouring purposes, the opening becomes positioned at or substan tially at the lowest part of the body of metal. As. a result, the metal discharged into the mold is always taken from a point below its upper surface; the discharged metal is at all times clean. or free of a l slag and foreign matter, which is i11, or collects on top of, the charge of lnetal in the holder.

We preferably provide as many openings 5 as there are pouring basins ain each mold or a plurality of molds to be poured, so that the molten metal can be simultaneously poured into all the basins. In the illustrated embodiment of our invention we have shown a mold A having two pouring basins aand therefore the ladle 4 is provided with two discharge openings 5 suitably spaced from each other. The openings o'may be mined quantity.

formed in the holder at any desired point above the bottom of the holder when the latter is in normal position (Figs. .4 and 10). The ladle 4 is filled with a sufficient quantity of metal to completeone or more pouring operations, as desired. The openings 5 may be arranged at such point asfto be slightly above the surface of that quantity of metal which the ladle is intended tohold orreceive at one time, so that the operative can fill the ladle 4 with molten metal until the metal rises therein to or. slightly below the lower edge of the openings 5. \Vhen the openings 5 are arranged in this manner, the operative can readily determine when the ladle has been filledwith the predeter- In the form of construction shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, the ladle 4 is'provided with a bottom wall 4, a rear wall'4", and a front wall 4 The front'wallfl is provided with an upwardly and-inwardlyextending wall 4 which co-operates with the wall 4 and bottom wall 4 to hold the molten 'metal within the ladle 4 when the latter is tilted to the positionshown in Fig. 5'. The walls 4 and 4 are preferably integrally: formed along a line wiiich cuts the axes of the openings 5. hen so arranged and the ladle 4 is tilted forpouring, the 'openingsfi' will be at the lowest pointthereof." If desired, the front walls Al i-4 of the holder 4 may be inclined downwardly from the center 'ofvthe holder toward either end, as shown in-Fig. 2, to insure thev discharge of the met-a1 through the openings 5'.

-(5 indicates vt'runnions, which are preferably formed integrally with andextend laterally from the opposite end walls 4 of the ladle 4. The trun'nions 6 may rotatably bear-upon pairs of spaced rollers 7, 7, one pair for each trunnion, which serve as supporting devices 7 for the trunnions 6 upon the carriage 1. The supporting'devices are preferably adjustable vertically, so that the ladle 4 can be arrangedin a horizontal position irrespective of the irregularities or in clinations of'the floor or rails on which the carriage 1 moves. The supporting devices 7 are arranged at either'sideof the carriage 1, the devices atone-side being, similar in constructionto those at the opposite side. Accordingly, we will describe the'devices at one side of the carriage .1 only. Of these devices, 7- indicates a plate slidably mounted between a pairof guide walls 8 and a plate 8 preferably formed integrally with and extending upwardly from the adjacent side member l. lit?" the plate 7 formed with an e ongated slot throughwhich a bolt 8 extends. The bolt 8? extendsthrough an opening formed in the plate 8 and is provi "led with a nut8 which serves to hold the plate 7 thereagainst, but .permitsthe plate 7? to slide upwardly and downwardly; At

its upper'end' the plate'. 7 -'is providedlwith a pair of stud shafts 7 on whichthe rollers 7 are loosely mounted. 9 indicates a lug which may be provided on the adjacent side member 1 and formed with a screw-threaded opening to receive a screw 9". The screw 9" preferably carries; at its lower end-abandmay be turned in either direction independontly, the supporting devices 7 at either side of theladle 4 can be operated to supportthe latter in a horizontal position, irrespective of the plane of the floor or tracks on which the-carriage l rests. H :1,

10 indicates a'device, such as a hand wheel, which may beconnected to the outer or free end of eithe'rqt runnionfi, for the purpose of tilting the ladle 4"'on itsq-tru'n nions. The device 10' is provided with a socket member 10 in which is Zformed a socket 10 to receive the outer end of the adjacent trunnion 6. The free end of, each trunnion 6 is of irregular shape and "the socket 10 is of corresponding "shape so that the socket member .10 can'be readily connected to a trunnion 6 and rotary movei mentimpartedthereto. ,WV-e' preferably line the socket-with asuitable heat insulating material so as to prevent the heat;1'from the metal imparted to the-wallsfof the ladle ;4 and trunnion 6, by reason-of the heat con-. ductivities thereof, from. affecting the device 10 which has tobe grasped by an op-I erative. The socket member. 10K1nay be rigidly secured to the free end of the trimnion 6 by a set screw 10. "op-1;. 1

The ladle 4 is preferably maintained in its metal receiving position, as shown, in Figs. 4 and 10, by means of a weight11adjustably mounted'on an arm 12, which extends laterally from that side ofIthe,;lad'le opposite to the side 'in which the openings 5 are formed; The inner end of theuarm- 12 is connected many desiredImanner-to one of the trunnions 6, preferably that trunnion 6 remote from the trunnion tocvwhich the operating device 10 is secured; the arm may be fixed to the adjacent trunnionbymea'ns of aset screw 12*. The weight 11 may be adjustably securedto the arm 12 by a set screw 11*. Theweight carrying arm '12, being secured to the adjacent trunnion 6, swings therewith when the, ladle 4 is tilted; as a result of this construction and arrangement, the weight llftends tovreturnthe ladle to and maintain'it position; v V

13 indicates devices which stop; the swinging movementaof the ladle. 4 .onithe, trunin its metal, receiving nions 6 in either direction. The devices 13 are so disposed that they will engage with the rollers 7 when the ladle is movedin one direction or the other, as shown in Figs. 3, 6 and 9. The stopping devices preferably comprise a plate 13 provided with a pair of oppositely disposed arms 13", 13 The plate 13 is secured to one of the trunnions 6 in any desired manner. The armsll 13'", are constructed and arranged so that the stop arm 13" will engage with the adjacent roller 7 when the ladle 4 is in its metal receiving position (Figs. 4 and 9) to prevent movement thereof rearwardly, and

the stop 13" will engage with the adjacent ing movement of the ladle 4 in one direction under the influence of the weight 11 and to limit the tilting or swinging movement of the ladle 4 in the opposite direc tion 1) the operation of the operating 'de vicel. Wepreferably provide means, indicatedas an entirety at 14, forautomatically locking the ladle in its metal discharging-position, so that after it has been moved into position to discharge the molten metal, the operative will be relieved from holding the ladle 4 during the pouring operation. and may temporarily move away to 'avoid the heat from the metal.

Of these locking means, 1.4 indicates a lock and release member preferably pivoted upon one of the adjustable plates 7, so as to be moved therewith wheneverthe plate is adjusted vertically. The lock and release device 14" preferably consists of a bell crank lever one arm 14" of which is adapted to move into the path of movement of a shoulder 14 -projecting laterally from a collar 14 fixed in any well known manner to the adjacent trunnion 6. The other arm 14of theu1ever14 serves as a weight to swing the arm 14" inwardly'into the path of movement of the shoulder 14. When the ladle 4 is in its metal'receiving position. the lock and release member 14 and shoulder 14" are arranged as" shown in Figs. 3 and 9, but when the ladle 4 is tilted the shoulder rides the arm14 until it passes its free end, whereupon the 3 arm 14 swings inwardly to the position shownin Fig. 6, below or in the path of movement of the shoulder 14". The ladle is then locked or preventedfrom swinging back to the metal receiving position. To release the lock and release member 14, the operative lifts the arm 14 iar enough to cause the disengagement of the arm 14" from the shoulder 14*,

whereupon .the'ladle 4 will swing baclr'to the metal receiving position under the-influence of the weight 11. i

15 indicates a device which is arranged between or intermediate the ladle 4 and each basin a ormold cavity for the mold A. The rincipalwi'unctions of the device 15 are (1? to control the flowof the metal from the ladle 4 to the mold basin a or mold cavity, while the ladle is moving from its metal receivingposition to its metal discharging or pouring position, (2) to prevent the molten metal from flowing under pressure or head direct to the mold basin or moldcavity, but permit a steady and uni form flow of the metal thereto from a discharge orifice or opening which is relatively close to the mold basin or mold cavity; and (3) to providea receptacle which permits the metal flowing to the mold basin a or mold-cavityto accumulate therein so that slag and other foreign matter may collect on or rise to the topof the metal and not flow into the mold cavity, but willeither cling to the walls ofthe basin or follow the last portion of the metal passing through the discharge orifice of the basin. Themetal controlling devices .15 are shaped in any desired manner to receive and hold a relatively large quantity of the metal which is being poured. Each device 15 comprises a receiver 15' in which the metal, as it flows from the holder 4 to the mold cavity, accumulates, and a deflecting or guide wall 15 to guideand direct the metal downwardly into the receiver. The devices 15 are preferably carried by the carriage 1, being preferably supported at their opposite ends on the cross members 1'. For thisv purpose, each device 15 may be provided at its opposite ends with brackets 15 which flt suitably shaped recesses 1 formed in the cross memhers 1". Therecesses 1 in one cross member 1 are aligned withthe recesses in the other cross member. The brackets 15 and recesses 1 are so shaped and correlated as to form a suitable connection between the cross members and the device 15 to support the latter in co-operative relationshi to the adjacent discharge opening in the adle 4.

The guide wall 15' is arranged at that end of the device 15 adjacent the side wall of the ladle in which the pouring openings 5 are formed. Theguide wall 15 extends upwardly so as to catch and divert, guide or direct the metal which flows out of the adjacent opening 5 during'the first part of the tilting movement of the ladle 4, ,downwardly into the receiver 15'. At 15 the bottom of the receiver 15' isformed with a discharge opening through which the metal flows to the adjacent basin a. By this construction, the metal is discharged into the mold basin a from a point below the surface of the metal in the receiver 15'. The

basins having the sti tuted therefor.

size of the openinglS? is preferably properly proportioned relative to the size of the opening 5 so that the metal cannot fiow from the receiver 15 too rapidly, but will be caused to accumulate therein to permitslag and foreign matter to rise to'the surface of the metal. The opening 15 is preferably arranged to direct the metal into the adjacent basin 0, at a point remote from the sprue C. Each receiver 15' may be lined with suitable heat resisting material, as shown;

Each moldbasin a, is-preferably provided with a skim gate D, the opening 03 through which is preferably arranged to; discharge the metal from the basin (4 at a point below its upper or exposed surface. Prior to each pouring operation .we prefer to close cachgatefopening d by a piece of tin. The tin (Z serves to retard the flow of the metal from the basin, a until it melts andopens the passage d. This causes the metal to accumulate in thebasin a, and thus insures that any slag or foreign matter, which has not been eliminated from the metal or which may form thereon, will be collected on top of the metal'and be prevented from passing into the sprue C.

The openings 5 and 15 are also preferably formed of a size which will properly control .the flow of metal according to the gating in the mold. When it is necessary to change the apparatus for pouring molds having a different gating, the ladle i and basins 15 can be removed and a ladle and proper size openings sub- In operation, the ladle 4t is first filled with the desired quantity of metal, this being preferably controlled by arranging the openings 5 at a suitable height above the bottom or lowest point of the ladle. The

operative then grasps the wheel 10 and tilts the ladle 4 to the position shown in Fig, 5. This operation causes the openings v5 to be arranged at or substantially at the lowest part of the body of metal and therefore permits the discharge of the metal at a point below its upper surface, that portion of the metal constituting its upper surface and the slag and foreign matter thereon either flowing through the openings last or clinging to the walls of the ladle. From the ladle 4C, the metal flows into the receivers .15, Where it collects and rises to permit any slag and .foreign matter which may pass through the openings 5-or which may form on the metal while in the receivers 15, to accumulate onor rise to the top of the metal and not flow into the mold cavity. From the receivers 15 the metal flows through the openings .15 into the basins a where it again collects or 21-CC11D11l lates topermit any slag and foreign matter, which-may have passed through the openings 145, to collect on and rise to the top of the metal in the basins a. From the basinsa the metal flows through the openings d in the skim gates D, which'openings being below the surfaceof the metal in the basins a, permit only metal from which all slag and foreign matter has been eliminated, to enter the mold sprues.

16 indicates ashield the purpose of which is to protect the operatives from the heat radiating from the molten metal, which is in the ladle a or is'being poured therefrom. The shield 16 is supported in any well known manner on the carriage 1. i The shield 16 preferably comprises a front wall 16 arranged in front ofthe ladle i, and side walls 16". At either end,'t'he front wall 16 is cut away, as shown at 16 to clear the metal controlling devices 15 .or

.the discharge of the metal from the openings 5 thereof. i

From the foregoing description. it will be seen that we first discharge the metal from a ladle or holder at a point below its upper or exposed surface therein, direct the metal downwardly and cause it to accumulate and rise in a receiver, thereby preventing the metal from acquiring any head or pressure due to its discharge, and permitting slag and foreign matter in or whichmay collect in the metal to rise to the surface thereof; that from the receiver we again discharge the metal at a point below its upper or exposed surface into a basin and cause it to again accumulate and rise therein, thereby again preventingthe metal from acquiring it enters the mold sprue sov that the metal is suiiiciently stirred to giveample opportunity for all foreign matter to be collected and eliminated from the metal by the time it-reaches themoldsprue. At the same time the metal flows substantially continuously from the ladle 4: to the sprue of the mold and is so controlled that substantially all pressure or head due to its height of fall from the holder 4: is prevented. Furthermore, we are enabled, by our apparatus for and process of pouring metal, to vavoidthe necessity of using skimming gates, discharge plugs or valves; furthermore, we are enabled to use pouring basins of relatively small size and to completely fill the mold cavities for pouring five molds.

with metal which has been clarified of slag and foreign matter so that uniform and perfeet castings are produced.

We prefer to provide the apparatus with measuring mechanism, indicated as an entirety at 17, in Figs. 11 and 12 to indicate when a (1) predetermined quan tity of metal is placed in the holder 4, and (2) predetermined quantity of metal is discharged therefrom. The measuring mechanism 17 preferably comprises a ris ing and falling support 17, which is counter-balanced by a weight 17, the adjustment of which determines when, due to the weight of the metal in the holder 4t, the support rises or falls. When the apparatus is constructed with a measuring and indicating mechanism 17, we prefer to trunnion the holder 4 on the plates 7 a as already described, in which event the latter serve as the rising and falling support 17 In this form of construction we prefer to provide anti-triction rollers 17 between the plates 7 and the guide walls 8. The rollers 17 may be flanged to maintain the plates vertically and in sliding engagement with. the wall 8 17 indicates a lever or beam pivoted at 17 in anywell known manner-but preferably by anti-friction means-upon each side member 1*. The inner end 17* of each lever 17" has piyotal connection with' the adjacent plate 7 to support it; the outer end 17 of the lever l7 'carries the weight 17* and is graduated in any suitable manner to readily indicate different positions of adjustment for theweight. 'The indications may consist of notches 18 which receive the supporting link of the weight 17 17" indicates a supplemental weight preferably detachably connee-ted tothe free end of the lever arm 17.

j i The pivotal connection between each lever receive an adjustingscrew 9 theupper end of whlch engages the plate 7 or the lug 7 thereon. At its lower end the screw 9 p-re'feralbly carries a crank wheel 9.

The operation of pouring molds, when the apparatus is equipped with-mechanism for indicating the charge or charges of metal received by and discharged from thexholdera,

i is asfollows/llhe lever 17 isshown as provided with five notches. This will permit theholder l-to be'filled with sutlicient metal The weight 17" is placed in the outern'iost notch, then molten [metal is poured into the holder 1 until the weight thereof overcomes the weight 17" and r I v "causes the support 17 to drop or fall, this movement being arrested by engagement of iustnient of 17 upwardly indicates that the holder 4 contains the desired quantity of metal; ac cordingly the supply thereof is cut off. The apparatus is moved into proper position for pouring a mold and the weight 17 moved or adjusted to the next notch in the lever arm 17 The holder 4 is now rotated on its trunnions, as already described, to discharge the metal and pour the adjacent mold. The holder 4 is maintained in its pouring position untilsuflicient metal runs or flows out of it to permit the weight 17 to over-balance that portion of the metal still remaining in the holder l, whereupon the weight 1'7 will cause the support 17 to rise, this movement being arrested by a suitable stop 21 arranged in the path ofmovement ofthe lever arm 17and indicating to the operative that one charge of metal, or an amount sulficient to fill one mold has been discharged from the holdert. The operativethereupon rotates the holder back to normal position. a

The apparatus is now moved to the position for pouring the second mold. The

weight 17* is adjusted to the next or suc- These operations are repeated until all the charges of metal have been poured. The weight 17 is then readjusted to the outer most notch and the holder is then refilled, in the manner already described. The holder 4 may be made to hold any quantity of metal desired and the lever 17 may he graduated to indicate charges of metal of different amounts orsizes according to' the guantity. of metal'required for each mold. urthermore, the successively discharged charges do not ha'veto beof the same. size,

but can be varied simply by varying the adthe weight 1'7 along the lever 17. i i

22 indicates a supplemental set of wheels which permits the carriage 1 readily to be moved at an angle to the direction in which it may bemove'd by or'upon the set of wheels 2.

The carriage 1 is constructed to permit it to bemoved over or alongside of a series of molds arranged side by side ina row. To permit in a convenient manner, without requiring considerable room and labor. the movement of the carriage from one. row of: molds to another row of molds, we provide the wheels 22 and arrange their axes at right angles to the. axes of the wheels 2 ;jand interpose between either oneof the sets of wheels 2 and 22, but preferably the latter, raising and lOWTlI1g:IIlQCllflIllSlIl 23 for causing relative. movementvhetween such set of wheels andfthc carriage. 1 whereby the latter may he supported by either set of wheels. There the; Wheels 2 are mounted on tracks, the wheels 22 andraising and lowering ;mechanism, form. convenient meansv 'For shifting the carriage, 1 from one traclrto anothertrack. .,Each Wheel 22 issupported: at the lower end of a leg 22"? which is slidably mounted between the connecting members of the adja nt arms 1. Eachleg 22 is preferably formed with ian elongated slot 22? to receive a pin 1 that is carried. by the acent. connesting m enihers l tits upperend the leg 22 is bifurcated at 22?, the bifurcations being disposed upon opposite @si'des' of and guided by aishaft 23?, which forms one element of theeraising and lowering; mechanism 28. Each shaft 23 is mounted inbearhers. 1%. 23 indicates collars, idetachably connected to 1 each shaft 23? and'arranged by engagement with the. bearings23 to preventendwisemovement of the shaft. At

ings 237 provided on the adjacent sidememvidedwith a"'wl1 eel 23 by whichgthe shaft maybe rotated. :24: indicates toggle devices interposed betweenteach shaft '23? and; the 5; ad acent leg or legs 22?. Of these devices,- 24 indicates an arm fixed atitsinner end in any wellknown manner to the 23 Atits outer end, the farm 24: ispivotally connected to; one end ofyalinlr 2fl the op- 'posite end, ofthelin lrfld is in. turn piv-' otally connected 'tothe' adjacent leg22. "As

h'oivn'inIFigQ12Qth'e upper end ofeachleg 22? is constructed to provide tweets. of bifurcations .22? between wh ch the adj acent toggle devices24 arerarranged. In

Fig. 13 we havesho wn in detail the'ivhcel22 and leg 22 therefor in normalpos'ition,that

is, with the carriage llowerech and sup- 5 ported on the wheels i It, no' 'v, thefshait 23 is rotated in an anticlockwisedirection,

as fviewed in Fig; Mi -the ,arin2 lf aeting throughtlie link 24;", will slide the leg 22 downwardly. until the wheel carried 'thereby engages the floor; thereafter the continued movement of thesha ftZ23 and 'arnr24t tothe positions showninFigs. 15,

1 6 and 12, i eacting through theleg 2 and :riyhecl 22 and, I the engagement of the-latter h the floor, Wlll elevate the carriage has shown in l2 and cause it tof be sup ported by the wheel22. Each link 24 is preferably bent to fornra recess 25 which lies over the adjacent shaft 23, when the -parts are in the position shown in Fig. l3, 1 th e y S rv g a a rp -t e l n "elerated position; On that side of the link 24* opposite to the recess 25, the link isprovided with a lug 26 which engages with'the shaft 23 afterthe. pivot conneetion' -24 has been movedto: a position beyond its ,dead center position, as shown in Fig. 16, such lug 26 and itsengagement with the shaft 23* serving to lock the toggle devices in this position. e prefer to provide each toggle .device25l with two arms 24* and two pivot lugs 2ft and arrange the link 24) between them 1nv order, among other reasons, that the power raisefandlower the carriage lmay beeflectively applied through these parts. I i s.lwillgbe understood from Fig. 12, we nionnttwo wheelsl22 on that side member l carrying one wheel 2, onc'atjeitherside oii the latter, and .mount one Wheel 22 .between the two wheels 2 carried by the other :side im'ember Il particularly advantageous because it m'aiteriallydecreases' the time of pouring'and labor costs therefor, both in number of ,men and the skilledcharacter of the labor reqnired gOur invention'enables a plurality .oi inolds to be poured in a relatively short period of time, since less labor is required to, position the apparatus for each pouring ration. Since the constructionof the apatus is such as to properly control and d1s charge the metal and to eliminate the and foreign'matter'therefrom, the opferativ es are relieved from remO ingQthe later giving special attention to the pourilljlQj'Of the metal" I rice the apparatus is propi r v. imi at j To ;'tliose"skilled in the art of making fappar'atu'sjot the class described, many falterations construction and widely dift invention will sngg'es't'themselves, Without departing from spirit'and' scope thereof. Que disclosures"andthe description herein relyillustrative,andare not intended to be 11 11' any; sense limiting. H

"r61? a lane carriage be'suped npon the; floor or a track at one side eta mold andinoved alongslde thereof and pouring.

j a-dyo'ining,molds' to position the holder for l. 'l meehanisr'n'fofthe class described, l' t;he combination of a support, 'and a, metal holder tr'uiinioned on said supp'ort'and adapted to be moyed. from normal position iafdiseharging position, one side wall of lihol'der being formed with a discharge opening-which isfarranged'above the level 110i the "metal when the holder is in normal level said holder is tilted,,the erportion of said side wall extending d ly, 'wherehy it operates to hold the ing emhodigments and applications "of our oer on biit'is moyed to a position below metal when the holder is tilted to its dismetal when said holder is titled to its discharging position.

"2. In mechanism of the class described, the combination of a support, and a metal holder trunnioned on said support and adapted to be moved from a normal posiwith adischarge opening at the point of connection of the lower and upper portions said opening is disposed at the lowest pointof said holder when the latter is tilted. V

3. In mechanism of the class described, the combination of a support, and a metal holder trunnioned thereon, the upper portion of one side wall of the holder extending inwardly from a point above the level of the charge of metal in said'holder, and co-operating with the lower'portion of said side wall to hold the metal when said holder is tilted andformed' with a discharge openingat the point of connection of the lower and upper portions of said wall.

{4. In mechanism of the class described,

the combination of a support, and a holder for metal having side. walls of curvilinear shape and supported at its opposite ends on trunnions disposed in line with the axis of said side wa'lls, whereby the holder may occupy a filling position and a discharging position without changing its center i of 1 gravity,-one side wall of said holder being "formed. with a discharge opening disposed above, thelevel of the metal when the holder is filled and in the'filling position and-disposed at the lowest part of said holder below the level of the metal when said holder is in the discharging position.

5, In mechanism of the class described the, combinationwith a mold, of a pair 0% spaced membersarranged to be positioned ,atoppositesides of said mold,a nd a metal holder adapted to receive metal trunnioned on said members,one side wall of said holder being formed with an opening between its upper free edge and the level of the metal when the holder is. in normal or filling position and disposed below the level of the metal when said holder is tilted toits disl spaced members arranged to be positioned atopposite'sides of said mold, a metal holder adaptedto receive metal trunnioned on [said members, one side wall of said holder being formed with an opening between its upper free edge and the level of the metal when the holder is in normal or filling position and disposed below the level of the holder from normal charging position, and means for vertical] adjusting one of said trunnions on the ad jacent member.

7. In mechanism of the class described, the

combination with a mold, of a frame comprising a pair of spaced members connected at their upper ends by a cross member,

whereby the frame may straddle the moldthe combination of a support, a holder adapted to receive metal trunnioned on said support, said holder having. a side wall which is shaped for co-operation with other walls of the holder to hold the metal when the holder is. tilted on its trunnions, and

formed with a'discharge opening which is arrangedabove the level of the'metal when the holder is in normal position but is moved toa position below such level when said holder is tilted, and means for limitingthe tilting of said holder in one direction at a predetermined position. p r

y 9. In a paratus ofthe character described, the combmation with a mold havin a pouring basin, of a support, a metal ho der provided witha discharge port for the metal and trunnioned on said su port to move from a normal position to a ischarging position, an upwardly extending; member disposed in a vertical plane coincident with the plane in which the discharge port moves to ,direct'the metal downwardly during tilta pouring basin, of a support, a metalholder 1 provided with a dischargeport for the metal and trunnioned on said support to move from a normal position to a discharging position, an upwardly extending member carried by said support and disposed in a vertical plane coincident with the plane in which the dis charge port moves to direct the metal downwardly during tilting movement of said position to its discharging position. I n n 11. In mechanism of the class described, the combination of a support provided with pairs of rollers, a holder adapted to receive metal, and trunnions on said holder arranged to engage said rollers, said holder having a side wall which is shaped for co-operation metal when the holder is tilted on its trun nions, and formed with a discharge opening which is arranged above the level of the metal when the holder is-in normal position but is moved to a position below. such level when said holder is tilted.

12. In mechanism'of the class described,

-trunnioned thereon and adapted to occupy a metal filling position and a metal discharging position and constructed and arranged to hold the metal when in either position, that side wall which forms the bottom of the holder when moved to the discharging po-" sition being to'rmedwith a discharge opening disposed above the level or" the metal when the holder is filled andis in the filling position and disposedfat' the lowest part, o l said holder when the latter is in the dis-' charging position, and means tending to maintain the holder in the filling position or to return it thereto when movedto the discharging position. I

l3. Inmechanism of the class described,

the combination of a support, a metal holder trunnioned thereon and adapted to occupy a metal filling position and a metal discharg,

ing position and constructedand arranged to hold the metal when in either position,

that side wall which forms the bottom of the holder when moved to the discharging po-' sition heir ing disposed aboie'the level'ot the metal when the holder is filled and is in the filling position and disposed at the lowest part of said holder when the latter is in the dis the combination of a support provided with pairs oit'rollers, holder for receiving metal havingin itswall a discharge opening ar-' ranged above the level oi the metal when the holder is in normal position, said holder being provided with trnnnions which rotatably bear on said rollers, whereby the holder can bextilted to arrange thedischarge opening below the level of the metal. for, discharging the latter, and means engaging with one of said rollers of one pair thereof "for limiting the swinging of said holder in one direction.

15. In mechanism of the class described, the combination of a support provided with pairs of rollers, a metal holder having in its wall a discharge opening arranged above the level of the metal when the holderis in normal position, said holder being provided with trunnions which rotatably'bear on said rollers, whereby the holderfcan'b'e tilted. to arrange the discharge opening below the tornied with a' discharge'openlevel or the metal fordischarging the latter,

and means arranged to engage certain of said rollers for limiting" the swinging of said'holder in either direction.

1 6. In mec'hani'smof theclass described, thec'ombinati'onof a. frame having supporting devices,al holder for metal trunnioned 3 on sa d devices, said holder being movable thGCOHlblllEttlOIl of a support,a metal holder to predetermined position to permit discharge of the metal through an opening formed inits'side wall, and means for adjusting each supporting device independently of the other device to position the holder horizontally. v

17,5111mechanism-of the class described, the combination of a support, a pair of members adjust-ably mounted on said support, a metal holder'liavingin its wall an opening arranged above the'level of the metal when the'holder is in normal position, trunnions between said holder and the adjustable members, whereby the holder can'betilted to arrange the discharge opening below the level of the metal for discharging the latter, and means interposed between said holder and one'ot said adjustable members for limiting the tilting of the holder in one direction;

18. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of a support, a holder for metal trunnioned on said support, onewall of said holder being formed with a discharge opening arranged to discharge metal when the holder is swung on its trunnions, and gravity controlled means for locking said holder in tilted position.

19. In mechanism of the class described,

the combination or". support, a pair ofadustable members mounted on said support,

' metal holder having in its side wall a discharge opening arranged abovethe level of the metal' when'said holder is in normal position, trunnions forv supporting said holder on said adjustable members and permitting the holder to be rocked to position the discharge opening below the level of the metal, and means interposed between one of said adjustable members and the holder for locking the holder in tilted position.

20. In mechanism of the class described,

the combination of a support, a pair of ad ustable members mounted on said support,

a metal holder having in its wall a discharge opening arranged above the level of the metal when the said holder is in normal position, trunnions for supporting said holder on said adjustable members, a locking member connected to said holder, and an element pivoted on one of said adjustable members and arranged to engage said locking member to lock the holder in tilting position.

i 21. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of a support, a. metal holder having side walls of. curvilinear shape, the

(free edges of which are correlated to form an opening through which the holder is filled, said holder being trunnioned on an axis coincident With its longitudinal axis and one side wall of said holder being formed with a discharge opening disposed between the adjacent ,free edge thereof and the level of the metal when the holder is in normal position but arranged below that level when the holder is tilted on its trunnions.

22. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of a support, a metal holder having side walls of curvilinear shape, the free edges of which are correlated to form an opening through which the holder is.

filled, said holder being trunnioned on an axis coincident with its lon 'tudinal axis and its said side wall being ormed with a dischar e opening disposed between the adjacent Free edge thereof and the level of the metal when the holder is in normal position but arranged below that level when the holder is tilted on its trunnions, and means and its said side wall being formed with a discharge opening disposed between the adjacent free edge thereof and the level of the metal when the holder isin normal position but arranged below that level when the holder is tilted on, its trunnion, means for tilting said holder,and means for adjusting each trunnion for said holder on said support.

24. In mechanism of the class described, the combination with a mold, of ametal holder, a support on which said holder is pivoted to permit discharge of the metal therefrom, into the basin ofsaid mold, and an intermediate holder formed with a discharge opening in its bottom interposed between said holder and the basin of said mold, said intermediate holder permitting the metal to rise and accumulate therein while flowing to the mold basin.

25. In mechanism of the class described, the combination with a mold, of a support, a metal holder trunnioned on said support and adapted to be arranged in a non-discharging position and a discharging position, said holder being formed in its side wall with a discharge opening which is arranged above the level of the metal when the holder is in the nondischarging position and is arranged below the surface of the 9 metal when the holder is in the discharging position, and a metal receiving device formed with a discharge opening in its bottom and arranged between said holder and the basin of said mold and constructed and arranged to permit the metal to rise and accumulate therein while flowing to the mold basin. 4 i I V 26. In mechanism of the class described,

the combination with a mold, of a support,

a holder; for metal trunnioned on said support and having in its wall a discharge opening which is arranged above the level of. the metalwhen the holder is in normal position, and is arranged below the level of the metal when the holder is rotated on its trunnions, said sup-port being constructed and arrangedto support said holder in pouring relationship to the basin of said mold, and means interposed between said holder and the mold basin for controlling the flow of metal from the discharge opening to the. mold basin, said controlling means including a wall for guiding the flow of the metal to said means during the tilting movement of said holder.

27. In mechanism of the class described.

the combination with a mold, of a support,

a metal holder trunnioned on said support and having in its wall a discharge opening arranged above the level of the metal when the holder is in normal position, but arranged below the level of the metal when said holder is tilted on its trunnions, and a receiver interposed between said holder and the basin of said mold and formed in its bottom with a discharge opening through which the metal flows to the mold basin. said receiver permitting the metal to collect therein while flowing to the mold basin.

28. In mechanism of the class described. the combination with a mold, of a support, a metal holder trunnioned on said support and having in its wall a discharge opening ar-.

ranged above the level of the metal when the holder is in normal position, but arranged below the level ofthe metal when said holder is tilted on its t-runnions, a receiver interposed. between said holder and. the basin of said mold and formed in its bottomwith a dischargeopening through which the metal flows to the mold basin. said receiver permitting the metal to collect therein while flowing to the mold basin, and means for directing-the metal that is discharged from the opening of the holder during tilting movement thereof downwardly into said receiver.

29. In mechanism of, the class described. the combination with a mold basin, of a member for receiving metal and permitting it to collect therein, whereby foreign matter and slag will rise to its upper surface, said receiver being provided with a discharge opening in its bottom. through which the metal flows to said mold basin, and means arranged above said receiver for discharging metal thereinto. s i

30. In mechanism of the class described. the combination with a mold basin, of a member for receiving metal and permitting it to collect therein whereby foreign matter and slag willrise'to its upper surface, said receiver being provided with a vdischarge opening in its bottom through which the metal flows to said mold basin, vand a holder for metal'arranged above said receiver and provided withameans for discharging the metal into saidreceiver at a point below the upper level of themetal in said holder.

31. In mechanism of the class described, the-combination with a mold basin. of a support, a member for receiving metal and permitting it to collecttherein, whereby-foreign matter and slag will rise to its upper surface, said receiving member beingprovided with a discharge opening in its bottom through which the, metal flows to said mold basin, and a holder trunnioned on said support above said receiving member and provided with means for discharging the metal from said holder to said receiving member when said holder is tilted on its trunnions.

32. The process of pouring metal which consists in discharging, the metal from a holder at a point below its upper surface, then, collecting the metal in a receiver to permit foreign matter and slag to rise to the surface of the metal in said receiver,then discharging the metal from the bottom of the receiver, then collecting the metal in a basin and causing it to collect therein to permit= slag and foreign matter to rise to its upper surface, and finally discharging the metal from the basin at a. point below its upper surface. a

33. In apparatus of the. class described, the combinationwith a mold, of means for discharging metal into'the cavity of said mold, said means comprising a holder and a plurality of receivers disposed in different horiz'ontalfplanes,each of said receivers being arranged to hold the metal to permit the slag and foreign matter to rise to the surface of the metal and formed with. an opening in its bottom portion to discharge the metal at a point below its upper surface 34, In apparatus of the class described,

the combinationwith a mold, of a support and means forIdischarging metal into the cavity of the mold, saidm'ea'ns comprising a plurality of holders arranged in differenthorizontal planes, each of said holders serving to-hold the metal to permit the slag and foreign matter to rise to the top of the metal and being formed in its bottom with an opening to discharge the-metal at a point below its upper surface, the uppermost holder being pivotally mounted on said sup-r port, whereby it can be moved toposition its discharge openingabove the-surface' of the metal therein. v

35. 'In apparatus of the class described,

the combination with a support and a mold, of a receiving member mounted on the supsupport, and means: engaging said guide port and having a discharge opening in its bottom for discharging metal into the cavity of the mold, and a holder trunnioned on said support and having'in its walla discharge opening, arranged above the level, of theceiving member having an upwardly extending portion todire'ct downwardlyjthetmetal discharged from said tilted. v v

36. In apparatus of'the class described, the combination with-a support and a mold, of means for discharging .meta-l into the cavity of the mold, said means including a metal holder, guide members slidably engaging said support, and meansv operatively connected with said guide members forindicating .{W'hen' said holderhas received a predetermined quantity of metal.

37. In apparatus of theclass described, the combinationwith a support and a mold, of" means for discharging metal into the cavity of said mold, said means including a metal/holder, guide-members slidably engaging said support, and means operatively I connected with said guide members for indicating when said holdermhas received a predetermined quantity" of metal and has discharged a predetermined quantity of metal;

38. In apparatus of the class described, the combination with a support and a-moid. of means, includinga holder for-the metal, for discharging metal intothe cavity of said mold, guide membersslidably engaging. said holder while being members andcontrolled by'the weight of the metal in said holder forindicating when said-holder has receivedor' discharged a predetermined quantity of metal 39, In 7 apparatus of the .ncharacter described, the combination, withv asupport'and a mold, of meansfor discharging metal into I the cavity of said mold, said meansinclud ing a holder for the metal, devices 'slida'bly a engaging said support for movably supporting said holder thereon, and means en-'115 gaging with said devices and controlled by the Iweight of the metal in said holder, for indicating when said holder has received or discharged predetermined quantity of metal devices for movably 'supportingsaid holder on saidsupport. 7 v,

40. In apparatus of the character de- I scribed, the combination with a support and a mold, of means fordischarging meta]. into the-cavity of said mold, said means including metal holder movably mounted on said support, means engaging with said holder and 7 controlled by the weight of the metal there in, for indicating when said h'older'has re-aw ceivedor. discharged a predetermined uau- I means for discharging metal .into a mold cavity, said means including a metal holder pivotally mounted on, said supports, a pair oflevers pivotally mounted on said frame and operatively connected with said sup ports, and a weight to controlthe movement of said levers.

42. In apparatus of the class described,

"r thecombination with a frame, of means for discharging metal into a mold cavity, said meansincluding a metal holder, a pair of levers pivo tally'mounted on said frame and operatively connected with the opposite ends being adjustable, and a weightwto control the. movement of said levers. I

v43. In apparatus'of the class dischargingmetal into a mold cavity, said means including a metal holder, a pair' of levers pivotallymounted on said :frame, means interposed between the opposite ends of said holder and corresponding ends of said levers for supporting said holder thereon and permitting theholder to tilt, and a weight .to levers c I ii 44. In apparatus of the class described, the combination witha frame, of a pair of plates slidably mounted" on said frame, means for dischargingrmetal into a mold cavity, said means-including a metal holder wmouhted on said plates, a pair oflevers mounted on said Eframeand engagingsaid plates to support them, and a weight to control the movement of said levers. j p 45. In apparatus of the class described, the

:combination with a frame, of a pair of. plates slidably mounted onvsaid' frame, means for discharging metal lIltOEL mold cavity, saidmeans including a metal holder mounted on said plates, a pair of levers mounted onsaid :frame and. operatively connected with said plates to support them, the connections between said levers and 'saidplates being ad justable, and a Weight to control-the movement of said'levers. I'

1:3 46.In apparatus of theclass described, the combination of a support. a metal holder trun'nioned at its opposite ends on 'said.support, and movablefrom a normal position to a dischargingp'osition, said holder having a discharge opening. in its side wall arranged above the levelIof the metal in said holder when the. latter is in normal positionbut arran ed below .the level of the metal when sai holder is tilted, and a receiver moun-ted on? and extendingtransversely the cavity of amold. I

47:1n apparatus of the class described, the combination of a support, a metal holder of said holder, the connections between'said; levers and the oppositeends ofsaid holder described, I &-the combination with a frame, of means-for control the movement of said of: movement of the discharge opening-in its bottom, said receiver being formed with i an opening through which the metal flows to trunnioned at its opposite ends on said support, and movable from a normal position to a discharging position, said holder having a discharge opening in its side wall arranged above the level of the'metal in said holder whenthe' latter is in-normal position I but-arranged below the level'of the metal when said holder is tilted, a receiver mounted on I and extending transversely across said support below andin the plane of movement of the discharge opening in its bottom, said receiver being formed with an opening through which the metal flows to the cavity of a mold, and means for controllingthe movement of said holder."

48. In apparatus of the class described, the combination with a frame, of means for holding and discharging" metal into the cavity of a mold, sets of Wheels for said frame, and means for causingrelative movement between one of said sets of'wheels and the frame, whereby the latter can be supported by either set. I I

49. In apparatus of the class described, the combination with a frame,of means for holding and discharging metal into the cavity ofamold, sets of wheels for said frame having their axesarranged at angles to each other, and means for causing relative movement between one'of said sets of wheels andthe frame, whereby the latter can be supported by either set. I

50. In fapparatusof theclass described,

'the combination with a frame includin g spaced supporting members provided with wheels permitting the frame to be positioned over a mold with the supporting member at I either side thereof, ofmeans on said frame forlholding and discharging metal intothe cavity of the mold, separate set of wheels, and means for moving the separate set of wheelsdownwardly into'engagement with the floorand throughthem elevating the frame to support iton said separate set of wheels, i

51. In apparatus of the class described,

the combination with a frame including spaced supporting members provided with wheels permitting the frame to be positioned over a mold with the supporting members at either side thereof,of means on said frame for holding and discharging metal into thecavity of the mold, a separate set of wheels, and means for moving theseparate set of wheels downwardly into engagement with the floor and through them elevating the frame to support it on said separate set of wheels,- said moving means being conamaze-i110 structed and arranged to loclr the frame-in elevated,position., i

:52.- I-n apparatus iof the class described, .the combination--:with n" frame including spaced supportingmembers pro-videft-with wheels permitting the frame to be positioned over a mold with. the supporting mem'bersatvate the frame to support it on said separate set of wheels.

58. In apparatus of the class described, the combination with a frame including spaced supporting members provided with. wheels permitting the frame to be positioned over a mold with the supporting members at either side thereof, of means on said frame for holding and discharging metal into the cavity of the mold, a separate set of wheels slidably supported by said supporting members and mounted on axes arranged at an angle to the axes of the first mentioned wheels, and means carried by each supporting member and arranged to move the adjacent separate wheel or wheels downwardly into engagement with the floor and through it or them elevate the frame to support the latter on said separate wheel or wheels.

54. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of a frame having a pair of spaced supporting members mounted on wheels, metal pouring mechanism mounted on said frame, a separate set of wheels each carried by'a member slidably supported by one of said supporting members, a shaft mounted in bearings on each supporting.

member, and connections between each shaft and the adjacent slidable members for lowering and raising it. v

55. In apparatus'of the class described, the combination of a frame having a pair of spaced supporting members mounted on wheels, metal pouring mechanism mounted on said frame, a separ'ate set of wheels each carried by a member slidably supported by one of said supporting members, a shaft mounted in bearings on each supporting member, and connections between each shaft and the adjacent slidable member for lowering and raising it, said connections operating to maintain the slidable member in either position to which it is moved.

56. In apparatus of the class described i the combination of a frame having spaced upright members adapted to be positioned at either side of amold, a metal holder formed with a discharge opening and trunnioned on said frame above the mold,

- whereby it can be operated to position the discharge opening below the surface -0 f the metal; a: receiver arranged below: said holder in position to receive metal t-h'erefrom"and fOlIIlBdWl-thflfl opening for discharging the70 metal into the, mold; and a shield mounted on i said: frame in front of-said holder and formed K'Vltll an openin'g opposite said re- -ce ver and'thewdischarge lopening' III' 'SHJCl holder to permit a view of the metal as itflows from said holder.

57. The process of pouring metal which consists in filling a ladle with a quantity of molten metal and permitting slag-foreign matter and impurities to collect on the surface of the metal, moving the ladle to discharge the metal from a point below its upper surface, collecting the metal in a receiver disposed beneath the ladle and per- 1 mitting slag, foreign matter and impurities to rise to the surface of the metal in the receiver, discharging the metal from the receiver through its bottom into a basin beneath the receiver, and collecting the molten metal in the basin to permit slag. foreign matter and impurities to rise to the upper surface thereof, and finally discharging the metal from the basin at a point below its upper surface.

58. The process of pouring metal which consists in filling a ladle with a quantity of molten metal and ermitting slag, foreign matter and impuritles to collect on the surface of the metal, operating the ladle to discharge the metal from a point below its upper surface, collecting the metal in a receiver disposed beneath the ladle and ermitting slag, foreign matter and impurities to rise to the surface of the metal in the receiver, discharging the metal from the receiver at a point below its upper surface into a basin beneath the receiver, temporarily causingthe molten metal to collect in a mold basin to permit slag, foreign matter and impurities to rise therein by roviding in the discharge for the basin a usible gate which has a melting point below the temperature of the molten metal, whereby the molten metal will fuse the ate after rising in the basin and be ischarged through the discharge therefor.

59. The herein disclosed process of pouring metal into a mold cavity which consists in successively discharging the metal from the lowest portion of one vessel to another vessel of a series of vessels arranged in dif- 

